[ effect of education through workshop on nursing students' rapid and sustained learning regarding infused drug calculating skills]

Drug calculation is an essential skill for nurses. However, numerous studies have demonstrated that such a skill is weak among nursing students or even nurses. This study was designed to determine the effect of education through workshop on nursing students' rapid and sustained learning regarding infused drug calculating skills. In this semi-experimental study, 28 nursing students studying in the second semester were recruited. Data was collected using a questionnaire including demographic information and ten questions about infused drug calculating. This questionnaire was distributed before, immediately after and 3 months after the workshop. The students' mean [ +/- SD] score in pre-test was 4.23 [ +/- 2.43] and it was 18.22 [ +/- 1.33] and 14.12 [ +/- 57] in two consecutive post-tests, respectively. Comparing the mean scores revealed that the mean scores of the first and second post-tests were significantly higher than pre-test while the second post-test score was significantly less than the first one [p<0.0001]. Our results suggest that although the drug calculating workshop increased the students' drug calculating skills immediately after the education, but their knowledge significantly decreased after three months; hence it is recommended that nursing instructors evaluate students' knowledge in this regard at their entrance to the wards and conduct essential practices if needed

[Adolescent boys' lived experience of puberty: a qualitative study]

Paying attention to adolescents' health is very important, because of their increasing number and also, because adolescence is one of the most critical periods of the life. Based on the census done in year 1996 in Iran, 25% of the population was between 10 to 19 years old; almost 16 million people. A lot of physical, psychological, social and behavioral problems are rooted in adolescence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences of puberty in adolescent boys. This was a qualitative study based on phenomenological method. Samples were 22 adolescents, between 15 to 19 years old, living in Arak, which were selected by purposive sampling method. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi method. Six themes were identified: Conflict with parents, biological changes, economical needs, educational condition, sexual concerns and spiritual matters. Results show that most of participants had extremely stressful experiences which sometimes lead to crisis. It seems that to relieve or reduce these problems, three important agents in child development; including family, school and society must play an active role

[Serum lipid and blood pressure levels in children and adolescent aged 3-18 years with history of early onset myocardial infarction in their parents: a case control study]

Atherosclerosis is a process that begins during childhood, progresses asymptomatically, and generally shows no clinical manifestations until adulthood. Hyperlipidemia and high blood pressure have been associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum lipid and blood pressure levels in children and adolescents aged 3-18 years with the history of early onset of myocardial infarction in their parents; and to compare them with the control group. This is a case-control study in which 209 children and adolescents, aged 3-18 years, with a family history of early onset myocardial infarction as case group were selected and compared to 209 individuals of the same age group, without the history of early onset myocardial infarction as the control group. Their serum lipid and blood pressure levels were measured. Data was analyzed by SPSS software. Mean cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides were 171.64, 112.26 and 97.32 mg/dl, respectively in the case group; 150.04, 104.82 and 181.57 mg/dl in the control group which showed significant difference. Mean HDL level was 38.86 mg/dl in the case and 39.59 mg/dl in the control group which had no significant difference. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 110/22 and 71/84 mmHg in the case and 99/13 and 60/31 mmHg in the control group that shows significant difference. Serum lipid and blood pressure levels in children and adolescents with a history of early onset myocardial infarction in their parents are higher in the control group, therefore, these children are at high risk for coronary artery disease